Tibia Fracture Healing Diagnosis: A Review

This paper reviews the available literature on effect of direct current on fracture healing; from a diagnostic view point. It also reviews various fracture treatments in practice, diagnostic tools, computational modeling and fracture healing prediction using Engineering techniques. We attempt to predict the complicated process fracture healing treated using DC electrical stimulation by computational methods. An exciting young area of research is being acquired to realize better the fracture healing mechanism under DC electric stimulation. One of the main goals of this work is to demonstrate, after a review of basics of bone growth, role of DC current and computational models, the main similarities and differences between different methods of prediction of fracture healing using Engineering and artificial intelligent technique. We also underline the importance of mathematical modeling, computational simulations in aiding diagnosis of fracture healing due to the difficulty of obtaining experimental or clinical results under certain ideal conditions.